If you’re installing a network in your home or office, chances are you’ll need to create some Ethernet cables. Cat 5 wiring, also known as Ethernet or LAN wiring, is the most common type of cabling used for networking. In this article, we’ll discuss the straight-through wiring diagram and how to make your own cables.
What is the Straight-Through Wiring Diagram?
The straight-through wiring diagram is one of two types of wiring diagrams you can use to connect devices in a network. The other type is called a crossover wiring diagram. The straight-through wiring diagram is used for connecting devices of different types, such as a computer to a router or switch, or a router to a modem. It’s called a “straight-through” diagram because the wires in the cable go straight through from one end to the other without any crossing or switching.
The straight-through wiring diagram is also known as the T-568A wiring diagram or the T-568B wiring diagram. These are the two standards for wiring Ethernet cables, and both are acceptable for most applications. The only difference between them is the order in which the wires are arranged.
The T-568A Wiring Diagram
The T-568A wiring diagram is the older of the two standards, and it’s still used in some applications today. Here’s the wiring diagram:
| Pin | Color | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Green/White | TX+ |
| 2 | Green | TX- |
| 3 | Orange/White | RX+ |
| 4 | Blue | Not Used |
| 5 | Blue/White | Not Used |
| 6 | Orange | RX- |
| 7 | Brown/White | Not Used |
| 8 | Brown | Not Used |
The T-568A wiring diagram is used mostly in commercial applications, while the T-568B wiring diagram is used mostly in residential applications. But both standards are acceptable for most applications, so it’s up to you which one to use.
The T-568B Wiring Diagram
The T-568B wiring diagram is the newer of the two standards, and it’s the one most often used today. Here’s the wiring diagram:
| Pin | Color | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Orange/White | TX+ |
| 2 | Orange | TX- |
| 3 | Green/White | RX+ |
| 4 | Blue | Not Used |
| 5 | Blue/White | Not Used |
| 6 | Green | RX- |
| 7 | Brown/White | Not Used |
| 8 | Brown | Not Used |
How to Make Your Own Straight-Through Ethernet Cable
Now that you know the wiring diagram, you can make your own Ethernet cables. Here’s how:
Step 1: Gather Your Materials
Before you begin, you’ll need the following materials:
- Cat 5 cable
- RJ-45 connectors
- A crimping tool
- A wire cutter/stripper
- A wiring diagram (either T-568A or T-568B)
Step 2: Strip the Cable
Use your wire cutter/stripper to strip about an inch of the outer jacket off the end of the cable. This will expose the four twisted pairs of wires inside.
Step 3: Align the Wires
Use your wiring diagram to align the wires in the correct order. Each wire should align with its corresponding pin on the RJ-45 connector.
Step 4: Cut the Wires to Length
Cut the wires so that they extend about a quarter of an inch past the end of the RJ-45 connector.
Step 5: Insert the Wires into the Connector
Insert each wire into its corresponding pin on the RJ-45 connector. Make sure the wires are fully seated and in the correct order.
Step 6: Crimp the Connector
Use your crimping tool to crimp the connector onto the end of the cable. The blades on the crimping tool will press the pins down onto the wires, creating a secure connection.
FAQs
What’s the difference between the straight-through and crossover wiring diagrams?
The straight-through wiring diagram is used for connecting devices of different types, such as a computer to a router or switch, or a router to a modem. The crossover wiring diagram, on the other hand, is used for connecting devices of the same type, such as two computers or two switches.
Which wiring diagram should I use?
Both the T-568A and T-568B wiring diagrams are acceptable for most applications. It’s up to you which one to use. Just make sure you use the same wiring diagram on both ends of the cable.
Can I use Cat 6 or Cat 7 cable instead?
Yes, you can use Cat 6 or Cat 7 cable instead of Cat 5 cable. However, you’ll need to use the appropriate connectors and crimping tool, as well as follow the appropriate wiring diagram for the cable type you’re using.
Do I need to use shielded cable?
Shielded cable is not necessary for most applications, but it can provide extra protection against electromagnetic interference (EMI). If you’re installing a network in a high-EMI environment, such as a factory or hospital, you might want to consider using shielded cable.
Can I make my own cables even if I’m not an expert?
Yes, making your own cables is not difficult as long as you follow the correct wiring diagram and use the right tools. However, if you’re not confident in your abilities, you might want to have a professional do it for you.
Can I test my cables to make sure they’re working?
Yes, you can use a cable tester to test your cables. A cable tester will tell you if the wires are in the correct order and if there are any breaks or shorts in the cable.
Now that you know how to make your own Ethernet cables, you can create a network in your home or office that meets your specific needs. Just remember to follow the correct wiring diagram and use the right tools for the job.
